Thalassemia Patients and Friends

Discussion Forums => Thalassemia Intermedia => Topic started by: Lokkhi maa on May 11, 2015, 11:53:02 AM

Title: TRANSFUSION & FEVER
Post by: Lokkhi maa on May 11, 2015, 11:53:02 AM
Dear Andy,

My baby is now 19 months old and getting transfusion every 6/7 weeks duration.After getting transfusion always her body temperature increase from 97 to 99 or 100.But this time after complete her transfusion her temperature was raised up to 102.She suffered two days from fever.Now today after 6 days of her transfusion her temperature is again 102 to 103 and some blood has came with her stool.I can't understand is it for food poisoning or another reason.I am also worried to think about her HB also.May be it has reduce for fever.Now I decide to give her anti biotic which may also will be decrease her HB.But what we will do?Please give your opinion and help us pls......
Title: Re: TRANSFUSION & FEVER
Post by: Andy Battaglia on May 11, 2015, 07:39:08 PM
It sounds very much like a reaction to antibodies in the blood. Often, an antihistamine is given before the transfusion to reduce the reaction. Talk to your doctor about this. Antibiotics are not usually called for in this circumstance.
Title: Re: TRANSFUSION & FEVER
Post by: Lokkhi maa on June 16, 2015, 07:42:25 AM
Hello Andy,

Last time my baby was taken transfusion after 60 days when her hb was 9.20.But this time after only 43 days her hb is 8.3.I think its her fever effect.For that we decide tomorrow give her 11th transfusion....Feeling so much sad  :sadyup :sadyup and also worried for fever  :shocked :quiver.According to your advice I will give her antihistamine before the transfusion.. :smileblue

Pray for her....
Title: Re: TRANSFUSION & FEVER
Post by: Andy Battaglia on June 16, 2015, 02:59:45 PM
It's not unusual to see Hb drop if a child has been sick. Don't be too worried. It's something that happens occasionally.
Title: Re: TRANSFUSION & FEVER
Post by: Lokkhi maa on June 18, 2015, 03:37:09 AM
Hello Andy,

Yesterday my baby was taken antihistamine as "Alatrol" before transfusion but no change Andy....When she completed her transfusion then her temperature raise up to 102 over and now her fever is 101.2.From yesterday she suffering from fever and we trying with every thing but its not drop from 101 to 100...Doctor advised "don't worry,it is antibodies reaction".

This is my babies 11th transfusions.After taking Last 2 transfusions she suffered by fever.But earlier transfusions no problem.Why she is now suffering?Is there any health problem?Earlier antibodies not affected but now why?

Andy, in this situation will hb drop for fever?
Title: Re: TRANSFUSION & FEVER
Post by: Andy Battaglia on June 18, 2015, 05:26:38 PM
The more transfusions a patient has, the more the chance of antibody reactions. Perhaps a different antihistamine can be tried, like benadryl. One other possibility is to administer a steroid before the transfusion.
Title: Re: TRANSFUSION & FEVER
Post by: Sharmin on June 18, 2015, 06:33:13 PM
I agree that another antihistamine will be helpful.  It is also very important to determine what antibodies your daughter has developed and to avoid giving her blood with those particular antigens in the future to avoid reactions or fever.

My son also began developing antibodies around the age of two.  Antibodies develop as a reaction to certain antigens - that is why they were not present before.  Don't worry, if doctors avoid giving your daughter blood containing the particular antibodies your daughter has developed she will be fine.

Best,  :hugfriend

Sharmin
Title: Re: TRANSFUSION & FEVER
Post by: Lokkhi maa on June 20, 2015, 07:02:48 AM

Thanks Andy and Sharmin...

For the fever hb level will be drop or not ?
Title: Re: TRANSFUSION & FEVER
Post by: Sharmin on June 20, 2015, 06:55:15 PM
It's difficult to predict Lokkhi maa, sometimes it does and sometimes it doesn't. 
Title: Re: TRANSFUSION & FEVER
Post by: Lokkhi maa on August 03, 2015, 07:35:14 AM

Dear Andy,

My baby has already taken 11 transfusions in her 22 months old and she suffered from fever last 2 times after taking transfusion from the new two persons who are not donate her earlier.

Andy,if my baby again take transfusion from them then the same problem will be arise or not? ??? I am really confused and also worried for her next transfusion. :dunno Whats your decision this time I give my baby  benadryl to avoid the fever? ???

Title: Re: TRANSFUSION & FEVER
Post by: Andy Battaglia on August 03, 2015, 04:58:46 PM
Yes, try benadryl before the transfusion begins.
Title: Re: TRANSFUSION & FEVER
Post by: Lokkhi maa on August 04, 2015, 05:28:51 AM

Dear Andy,

Only 1 dose before transfusion ? Next dose ??
Title: Re: TRANSFUSION & FEVER
Post by: Canadian_Family on August 05, 2015, 02:49:17 PM
In Canada, the doctors usually give one dose of Benadryl before transfusion. No dose after the transfusion. This is just precautionary measure. If the fever persists after transfusion, check with the doctor for guidance.
Title: Re: TRANSFUSION & FEVER
Post by: Lokkhi maa on August 06, 2015, 03:49:06 AM

Hello Canadian_Family,

Thank you for your reply.Last time I was given my baby 5 ml Alatrol before 2 hours of transfusion.During transfusion no problem but after completion fever was 101 to 102...

For that this time I am confused what will we do? Could  my baby take transfusion in future from those donators by whom she got fever after transfusion ....

Please advice..
Title: Re: TRANSFUSION & FEVER
Post by: Canadian_Family on August 06, 2015, 06:09:09 PM
I would investigate the underlying cause of fever after transfusion (see if your child has developed antibodies that reacts to antigenes). If you have donors from same group of people, you may choose to switch the donors and see if the fever is gone.

Sometimes, antibodies in the recipient’s blood can attack the donor blood if the two are not compatible (this may be the case for your child). If the recipient’s immune system attacks the red blood cells of the donor, it is called a hemolytic reaction. If the recipient’s immune system attacks the white blood cells of the donor blood, it is called a febrile reaction. In haemolytic reaction, the haemoglobin drops quickly requiring frequent blood transfusion. In febrile reaction, the symptoms include fever.

Do you mind sharing if the fever was accompanied by chills and shaking in your child.

Try switching the donor as first step.

Ask your doctor if a different antihistamine is required.
Title: Re: TRANSFUSION & FEVER
Post by: Lokkhi maa on October 31, 2015, 09:08:13 AM

Hello Canadian_Family,

Thanks for your nice reply.Yesterday my baby got her transfusion and again she is now suffering from fever.

Hello Andy,

This time I also gave her Adryl 5 ml before transfusion and taken time 4 hrs. Bcoz last time transfusion was completed early so this time we take time.But no result.

The same donor donate her earlier then she was ok but now why fever came? Last 3 transfusions my baby suffered by fever and always it is 101 to 103.

Last 3 times after complete the transfusions fever came with chills and shaking.Doctor advice for injection (forgot the name) but not confirm about fever.

Please help me.....
Title: Re: TRANSFUSION & FEVER
Post by: Andy Battaglia on October 31, 2015, 05:15:51 PM
Is the blood being filtered?
Title: Re: TRANSFUSION & FEVER
Post by: hardik on October 31, 2015, 08:28:18 PM
Dear lokhi maa

My baby hardik had also gone through these situations..... And when we talk to doc they advice us to take the blood of SAGM(already filtered by removing WBC during storage)....as I don't have donors so use donated blood.....and to use filter at transfusion time.....and the results are positive....he doesn't get fever....

As u have available donors......just try to talk to blood bank to remove excess WBC ,Platelets.... And all which are not required and contribute in developing antibodies and..... as baby 's body only need RBC so it is safe to remove excess part....and then use leukocytes filter..... I think u will surely succeed

Praying for u
Neha
Title: Re: TRANSFUSION & FEVER
Post by: Lokkhi maa on November 01, 2015, 02:38:06 AM

Hello Andy and Hardik,

Thanks for your reply and sharing your experience.

We just only removed Platelets and give her packed cell.I have no idea about removing WBC.I will sure discuss about it.

Andy can't understand by filtered...WBC and Platelets are not same ? ???
Title: Re: TRANSFUSION & FEVER
Post by: hardik on November 01, 2015, 12:50:02 PM
Dear lokhi maa.....

No WBC and Platelets are not same,they are two different things having different functions. WBC work as guard and Platelets have healing properties..

I think Andy also means of using leukocytes filter....or called bed side filter
Or may be he is talking about NAT tested blood


Leukocytes are wbc only according to my knowledge..... WBC guard our body against foreign particles....and if we introduced more WBC in body through transfusion.....more antibodies will be produced to guard our body by breaking more RBC as thalassemic RBC are of irregular shape not recognized by wbc so ....results fatal.....thus it is better to use leukocytes filter...

I dont know much and Better explanation can be given by Andy only......

Waiting for Andy's reply
Neha
Title: Re: TRANSFUSION & FEVER
Post by: Andy Battaglia on November 01, 2015, 03:49:10 PM
Lokkhi, yes I am talking about a filter that goes in the line when the child is transfused. The filter blocks white cells and platelets from getting through. If the blood has not been pre-filtered, this is necessary. Even with filters, occasionally, bits of white cells or platelets get through that can still cause a reaction, but this doesn't happen often.
Title: Re: TRANSFUSION & FEVER
Post by: Lokkhi maa on November 02, 2015, 02:53:10 AM

Thanks Hardik and Andy.What a lot of experiences you have  :smiley Its great.. :smiley

I will discuss about removing white cell but don't know will it be possible or not  ???
Title: Re: TRANSFUSION & FEVER
Post by: Lokkhi maa on December 02, 2015, 11:01:47 AM


Hello Andy,

Next Friday my baby will take her transfusion and we have already discuss about removing WBC and Platelets.But they confirm us in the packed cell there is nothing except RBC.They remove all like WBC,Platelets and other elements also.

My baby always take fresh blood and we give her Adryl before transfusion.But from last few transfusions she suffered by fever after complete or ending moment of transfusion which are not in earlier.

We also mark that which donor earlier donate her then she was normal but now suffer fever. Whats the reason and what to do  ??? ???
Title: Re: TRANSFUSION & FEVER
Post by: Canadian_Family on December 02, 2015, 04:56:17 PM
They are correct in saying that packed cell contains only RBC.

In transfusion medicine, packed red blood cells (sometimes called stored packed red blood cells or simply packed cells) are red blood cells (RBC, also called erythrocytes) that have been collected, processed, and stored in bags as blood product units available for blood transfusion. The whole blood is processed to remove WBC, Platelets from RBC.
Title: Re: TRANSFUSION & FEVER
Post by: Lokkhi maa on December 03, 2015, 02:45:04 AM

Now what we will do for avoid fever?
Title: Re: TRANSFUSION & FEVER
Post by: Andy Battaglia on December 03, 2015, 03:53:29 AM
Lokkhi,

It really depends on how the red blood cells are prepared. If the red cells are simply separated by centrifuge, fragments of white cells will still be there. If the red cells are leukocyte depleted, then they have been filtered to remove the white cell fragments. If this has been done, the only treatment is to give an analgesic like ibuprofen with the transfusion.
Title: Re: TRANSFUSION & FEVER
Post by: Lokkhi maa on December 03, 2015, 08:57:18 AM

Dear Andy,

Whats the effect and how much harmful fever after transfusion for health?As Adryl not worked earlier so may I leave it or continue to my baby?
Title: Re: TRANSFUSION & FEVER
Post by: Andy Battaglia on December 04, 2015, 03:29:42 PM
As long as the fever is low, <102°, then there is no effect from the fever. Many patients deal with this by taking an analgesic.
Title: Re: TRANSFUSION & FEVER
Post by: Lokkhi maa on December 06, 2015, 02:50:15 AM

Hello Andy,

Thanks for your reply.

Last Friday was my babies transfusion day and a very very bad experience for me.

This time donor was a new person and we start transfusion after giving her Adyrl and Napa (Fever medicine) 5 ml respectively.But only half an hour fever came and her whole body shaking rapidly.Fever was low 100 but shaking was too much.My babies hand and throat was shaking rapidly and continue it 15 to 20 minutes.Its really horrible.

Doctor gave her fever suppository and said to stop transfusion for some times and a wet towel keep on her forehead up to finish transfusion. After 1 hr temperature reduce and start again transfusion 8 drops in a minute.At last we have finished the horrible transfusion after 7 hrs as 12 drops in a minute.
We came home with low fever in evening and gave her again suppository and fever medicine timely but in mid night again shaking raised and stay 10 minutes.This time shaking done very much rapidly than earlier.

Last 5/6 times fever came after transfusion but now to much early though giving her Napa and Adyrl also.We marked that the fever stay minimum 1 day and not reduce by any medicine.We finished her transfusion maximum in evening and next day up to noon it stay.Then she recover normally.

Now my baby is fine..

Whats the reason for shaking ?? I don't want to face the same situation in next time.
Title: Re: TRANSFUSION & FEVER
Post by: Andy Battaglia on December 06, 2015, 04:08:29 PM
Lokkhi,

It is standard practice to stop the transfusion once the child started to shake. This is most likely what is called a febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reaction. Again, filtered blood is most important, but this can still occur in very small percentages of transfusions, even when the red cells have been filtered. It is not considered to be a serious issue, but transfusion is stopped unless the cause of the reaction has been easily identified. It can be resumed at a slow rate when other types of transfusion reactions are ruled out.

This link describes this type of reaction and what to do about it.

http://www.transfusion.com.au/adverse_transfusion_reactions/febrile_non-haemolytic

Quote
Febrile non-haemolytic transfusion reactions (FNHTR)

This is an acute (<24 hours), immunological transfusion reaction.
 

When to suspect this adverse reaction?

Patients present with an unexpected temperature rise (≥38ºC or ≥1ºC above baseline, if baseline ≥37ºC) during or shortly after transfusion. This is usually an isolated finding. Occasionally the fever is accompanied by chills.

Chills, rigors, increased respiratory rate, change in blood pressure, anxiety and a headache may accompany this reaction but occur in several more serious transfusion reactions also, the most serious being acute haemolytic reaction, transfusion associated sepsis and TRALI. FNHTR is a diagnosis of exclusion.

This occurs in 0.1% to 1% of transfusions with leucocyte depletion.(1)
 

Usual causes?

Cytokine accumulation during storage of cellular components (especially in platelet units) is thought to be the most common event leading to symptoms of FNHTRs. Cytokines are released by white cells and pre-storage leucodepletion has reduced this risk.

FNHTR is also caused by the presence of recipient antibodies (raised as a result of previous transfusions or pregnancies) reacting to donor human leucocyte antigens (HLA) or other antigens. These antigens are present on donor lymphocytes, granulocytes, or platelets.

 

Investigation

Clinically assess the transfused patient for fever, chills, rigors and headache.

Acute haemolytic reaction may need exclusion.

Direct antiglobulin test (DAT), blood count and repeat ABO grouping may be indicated. Consider investigations for transfusion associated sepsis.

In patients with repeated FNHTR, investigation for HLA antibodies may be useful.
 

What to do?

Stop transfusion immediately
and follow other steps for managing suspected transfusion reactions.

Treat the fever with an antipyretic. However, avoid aspirin in thrombocytopenic and paediatric patients.

Consider and exclude other causes, as fever alone may be the first manifestation of a life threatening reaction.

Rule out acute haemolytic reaction, transfusion associated sepsis and Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI).

Recommencement of the transfusion, at a slow rate, is possible if other causes of a fever have been excluded.
 

References

Roback JD (ed). Non-infectious complications of blood transfusion. Chapter 27, AABB Technical Manual, 17th edition. AABB, Bethesda, 2011.
Popovsky M (ed). Transfusion reactions, 3rd edition. AABB Press, Bethesda, 2007.
Callum JL, Lin Y, Pinkerton PH, Karkouti K, Pendergrast JM, Robitaile N et al. Chapter 5, Transfusion Reactions. Bloody Easy 3: Blood Transfusions, Blood Alternatives and Transfusion Reactions: A Guide to Transfusion Medicine, 3rd edition. Canada: Ontario Regional Blood Coordinating Network, 2011. [cited 2012 Sep 13]. Available from: http://transfusionontario.org/en/.
- See more at: http://www.transfusion.com.au/adverse_transfusion_reactions/febrile_non-haemolytic#sthash.X1WNlBiz.dpuf
Title: Re: TRANSFUSION & FEVER
Post by: Lokkhi maa on December 07, 2015, 02:33:49 AM

Thanks Andy for the helpful information.
Title: Re: TRANSFUSION & FEVER
Post by: Lokkhi maa on December 10, 2015, 03:07:10 AM

Dear all,

Thanks to all of you for sharing valuable all information's.

Last night we discussed with doctor about fever.Finally he advised to use  leukocytes filter.

Dear Hardik,

Please share me about the process..

Dear Andy,

Same donor but earlier no fever after transfusion but now why?If my babies antibodies react donor RBC then the fever problem why not arise earlier?

Really confused.
Title: Re: TRANSFUSION & FEVER
Post by: Andy Battaglia on December 10, 2015, 03:12:41 PM
Lokkhi,

When no filter is used, it makes it easier for small fragments of white cells to remain with the red cells. Even with the same donor, this can be an issue when the white cell fragments are left in the blood. Using a filter should make a difference.
Title: Re: TRANSFUSION & FEVER
Post by: Lokkhi maa on December 12, 2015, 02:26:56 AM

Thanks Andy.

In Bangladesh leukocytes filter is only available in Dhaka.I really got wondered.Though its not easy to get and have some formalities to purchase and too much expensive also but we will must collect before the next transfusion.

Hope next time it will be a safe transfusion...

Feeling sorry to think about the other thal babies who have suffered the same as my baby but family has not the capacity to support all essentials as need a thal baby.
Title: Re: TRANSFUSION & FEVER
Post by: Lokkhi maa on January 09, 2016, 03:20:23 AM

Hello Andy,

One week ago I collected leukocytes filter and last Wednesday my baby has completed her transfusion safely.We feel also happy that leukocytes filter is workable and my baby got relief from all sufferings during transfusion.

We return to home  then after 2/3 hrs her temperature low increase but in mid night it increase same as earlier 102 to 103 and also shaking her whole body with fever.After sufferings 1 day with the high temperature now she is fine.

We cant understand  ???

Title: Re: TRANSFUSION & FEVER
Post by: Lokkhi maa on January 10, 2016, 10:18:52 AM

Hello Andy,

Please reply...
Title: Re: TRANSFUSION & FEVER
Post by: Lokkhi maa on January 12, 2016, 02:21:13 AM

Hello Andy,

One week ago I collected leukocytes filter and last Wednesday my baby has completed her transfusion safely.We feel also happy that leukocytes filter is workable and my baby got relief from all sufferings during transfusion.

We return to home  then after 2/3 hrs her temperature low increase but in mid night it increase same as earlier 102 to 103 and also shaking her whole body with fever.After sufferings 1 day with the high temperature now she is fine.

We cant understand  ???


Please give me a suggestion on above situation..
Title: Re: TRANSFUSION & FEVER
Post by: asefweb on January 12, 2016, 07:56:59 AM
Same problem with my daughter on every transfusion.
Title: Re: TRANSFUSION & FEVER
Post by: Lokkhi maa on January 12, 2016, 08:57:34 AM

Hello asefweb,

Your daughter also use leukocyte filter during transfusion?

Please Andy help us to understand the reason.
Title: Re: TRANSFUSION & FEVER
Post by: Andy Battaglia on January 12, 2016, 04:02:58 PM
Even with filters, small fragments of white cells and platelets can sometimes get through and cause a mild reaction. It is also important that the blood is being matched properly.
Title: Re: TRANSFUSION & FEVER
Post by: Lokkhi maa on January 13, 2016, 02:20:10 AM

 :hysterical :hysterical :hysterical :hysterical
Title: Re: TRANSFUSION & FEVER
Post by: Lokkhi maa on February 13, 2016, 02:56:59 AM

Hello Andy,

This time my baby is fever free after transfusion.She is fine.
Before transfusion I gave her 5 ml Adryl and used  leukocyte filter...
Thanks a lot... :smiley
Title: Re: TRANSFUSION & FEVER
Post by: Andy Battaglia on February 13, 2016, 07:25:48 PM
Glad to hear that there is progress.
Title: Re: TRANSFUSION & FEVER
Post by: Lokkhi maa on November 05, 2016, 07:39:07 AM
Hello Andy,

Last 7/8 months my baby was fine after using leukocytes filter.But yesterday she got serious allergy problem with fever during transfusion.We used leukocytes filter but why the problem raised ?

She got transfusion from this donor earlier also but that time she was fine..

Please advice..
Title: Re: TRANSFUSION & FEVER
Post by: Lokkhi maa on November 09, 2016, 10:36:26 AM

Hello Andy,

Please reply..
Title: Re: TRANSFUSION & FEVER
Post by: Andy Battaglia on November 10, 2016, 12:25:26 AM
Even with using filters, sometimes fragments of white blood cells still get through with the transfused blood, and this can cause the reaction. As a precaution, consider using an antihistamine before the transfusion begins. If the problem repeats, a Coombs test should be done to see if it is an antibody reaction.
Title: Re: TRANSFUSION & FEVER
Post by: Lokkhi maa on July 11, 2017, 10:47:28 AM

Dear Andy,

My baby is now 4 yrs old and her weight is 18 kg.She takes transfusion after every 4 weeks when her HB 9.50 to 10.00.

As there are various donor donate then packed cell quantity also vary every month.Sometimes it above 250 ml or sometimes 200 to 220 ml. For that every patients HB should vary..So patients HB sometimes drop early than last time.

For this problem what to do? What is the standard transfusion calculation? Per kg 15/20 ml ??
Title: Re: TRANSFUSION & FEVER
Post by: Andy Battaglia on July 11, 2017, 09:53:59 PM
I'm not sure there is a solution other than taking an extra bag of blood, and that may not be possible.